Guides

Options

Reading an options chain as income, not a data dump

A raw options chain is a wall of strikes, greeks, and IV. Here's how to read it the way an income trader does — covered-call and cash-secured-put yield, the true called-away return, and why you should annualize.

Methodology

Split-only vs. total return, and why the difference matters

There are three ways to state a stock's past price, and mixing them up quietly corrupts a backtest. Here's why signals should run on one basis and returns on another.

Methodology

The five biases that quietly inflate backtest results

Five biases that quietly inflate backtest results — and what an honest tool should do about them. A look at look-ahead bias, survivorship bias, overfitting, cherry-picked windows, and unrealistic execution.